Machine for refining paper and pulp



30, 1932- H. WESSEL ET AL 1,874,676

MACHINE FOR REFINING PAPER AND PULP Filed July 5, 1928 [N1 "ENTORS aLudw/g h. Wesse/ K 0. J Homer A. Booker Patented Aug. 30, 1932 UNITEDSTATES PATENT OFFICE LUDWIG H. WESSEL AND 30m N. BOOKEB, OI LANCASTER,OHIO, ASSIGNORS TO THE HEBMANN MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF LANCASTER,OHIO, A CORPORATION 01 OHIO MACHINE FOB BH'ININ G PAPER AND PULPApplication filed July 5, 1828. Serial No. 290,479.

Our invention relates to machines for refining paper and pul Itpertains, particularly, to that type paper and pulp refining machineknown as a Jordan engine and L5 to that part of a Jordan engine thatiscknown as a liner or shell for the so-called plug bod forming a partof each engine.

Jordan engines in themselves consist of an outer shell or casing offrusto-conical form 1,0 whose interior is provided with a liner orfiller having a plurality of knives or cutting blades projectinginwardly from the inner surface thereof. Also, such outer shell orcasing contains a rotatable plug bod of frusto-conical form which hascutting lades or knives projecting outwardl either from a liner disposedon such plug ody or from the outer periphery of the plug body itself.The respective outwardly and inwardly extend ng knives or cutting b adesare of such relative length as to coact with each other to masticate,refine or hydrate paper or pulp stock which passes therethrough from oneend to the other.

In the constructions wherein the outwardly extending knives or cuttingblades are disposed on a liner which is, in turn, mounted on the plugbody, it has heretofore been customary to construct the liner and knivesor cutting blades by casting them in a single piece. This is due to thefact that, since the knives or cutting blades on the plug body are themoving ones and masticate or break up the paper or pulp stock by passingit between themselves and stationary knives or cutting blades, it hasbeen believed that the mounting for the removable moving knives orcutting blades could not be sufficiently strong to withstand the strainsimposed thereon by the refining action since cast knives of the thinsection necessary for many grades of pulp could not be made.Consequently, the usual plug liners or shells could not be usedheretofore on such grades of pulp. With the knives or cutting bladescast integrall with the liner, an entirely new liner with lves orcutting blades must be provided as replacement when the knives orcutting blades on the liner already disposed on the plug body 0 becomeworn or broken to such an extent as to no longer be useful and effectiveas a refining element. 7

If the plug body is so constructed that the outwardly projecting knivesor cutting blades are mounted directly on the outer surface of the plugbody, such knives or cutting blades when worn or broken are replaced byremoving the plug and mounting new knives or cutting blades thereon. Thelength of time that is required to replace the worn out or broken kniveswith new knives or cutting blades is "often excessive in that itrequires that the refining engine be shut down while the plug body isremoved, the broken or worn out knives or cutting blades takentherefrom, new knives or cutting blades individually mounted thereon andthe plug body reassembled with the engine. one refining engine is used,a shut-down extending over other than a short period of time is oftenvery expensive.

Our invention contemplates the provision of a liner for a plug bodyhaving the knives or cutting blades removably mounted thereon instead ofcast integrally therewith. With such construction, when the knives orcutting blades that project outwardly from the plug body become worn orbroken, the period of necessary shut-down of the engine will only extendover that time which is required to remove a plug body from the engine,remove the liner .therefrom, mount a replacement liner on the plug bodyand reassemble the plug body w1th the remainder of the engine.

By providing a plug body liner with the knives or cutting bladesremovably mounted thereon, we have not only provided a means forshortening the time period of a necessary shut-down to replace worn outor broken outwardly projecting knives or cutting blades but we haveprovided a means whereby replacement knives or cutting blades may bekept in readiness for operation with a minimum of expense. This is dueto the fact that the knives or cutting blades being removably mounted ona liner permit replacement liners to be kept in stock by themanufacturer with a minimum of expense. For instance, it is veryapparent that plug body liners would be In places where only.

much less expensive than the plug bodies themselves and that it would beprohibitive for a manufacturer tocarry a number of plug bodies withknives or cutting blades mounted U thereon in stock for use merely asreplacements for plug bodies on which the knives or cutting blades havebecome worn or broken to such an extent as to impair their usefulness asa refining element of the machine.

Other advantages and objects of our invention may be seen in thefollowing detailed description and the preferred embodiment of ourlnvention may e seen in the accompanying drawing wherein similarcharacters of re erence designate corresponding parts and wherein:

Figure 1 is a side view, partly in section, showing a plug liner withthe cutting blades or knives removably mounted thereon.

Figure 2 is an end view, partly broken awa of the liner shown in Figure1.

Figure 3 is aside view, partly in section, showing the liner shown inFigures 1 and 2 as P u a ygure 4 isa detail,';\ ing how the cutting bcured to the'plug-liner .With reference'toilthedrawing, wehaveartly'insection, showad' or; knives are sevention as com risinga'lineror "shelll of frusto-conical orm thatis adapted to be mounted on afrusto-co ical-plug body 2 as shown in Figure 3. j

In Figure 2 of the drawing, it will be seen that the outer surface ofthe frustoconical liner or' shell 1 is provided with a plurality ofooves 3 which extend longitudinally of t e liner or shell and aredisosed on the outer surface thereof. It will 7 urther be seen byreferring to Figure 1 of the drawing that a plurality of circular bands,preferably of steel and varying in diameter, are disposed along theexterior of the liner or shell 1 in spaced relation to each other.

' Knives or cutting blades 5 that are of substantially the same lengthas the liner or shell 1 and of such width as to be insertable into thelongitudinal grooves 3 are provided and these knives have mortisedgrooves 6 disposed along the inner edges thereof at points correspondinto the position of the respective rings or ands 4 hereinbeforedescribed. One end of each of the respective knives is bevelled as shownat 7 in Figures 1 and 3 and then extends in parallelism with the outerperiphery of and toward the larger end of the shell or liner 1.

In mounting the knives or cutting blades on the liner 1, each knife orcutting blade is mounted on the liner in such manner that the bands 4will enter the mortised grooves 6 and the inner edge of the knife willenter one u of the grooves 3. The knife is then driven partly mounted aconventional .bod

shown the preferred embodimentv of, our-intowards the large end of thefrusto-conical shell or liner until the bands 4 enter the mortises 8 ofthe mortised grooves 6. A Wood spacer or filler 9 is then placedadjacent the knife or cutting blade so mounted and then another knife orcutting blade mounted on the shell or liner in the same manner ashereinbefore described. The wood spacers or separators have beenheld inosition in various ways. After all of the nives or cutting blades andthe respective wood s acer or filler blocks 9 have been placed on tiieouter surface of the shell or liner 1, in the manner shown in Figure 2,a metal band 10 is shrunk around the smaller end of the shell and theends of the knives or cutting blades as shown in Figures 1 and 3, toprevent longitudinal movement of the knives or cutting blades.

As shown in Figure 3, the liner 1 with the knives or cutting bladesmounted thereon, is adapted to be mounted on a plug body 2. It will beunderstood that any means may be employed to secure the liner on theplug Referring to the preceding description and the drawing attachedhereto, it will be aparentthat we have provided a device having manynovel and advantageous features. For instance, we have provided a shellor liner for the plug body of a Jordan engine from which the knives orcutting blades project outwardly and from which such knives or cuttingblades may be removed. When the knives or cutting blades on one liner orshell become worn or broken, the liner with the knives or cutting bladesthereon may be removed and another liner or shell having new knives orcutting blades thereon may be substituted in its stead.

Further, by providing a shell or liner from 105 which the knives orcutting blades may be removed it has made it possible to replace worn orbroken knives or cutting blades on the liner and has made possible theuse of a liner on grades of pulp requiring thin knives. no

Having thus described our invention, what we claim is:

1. In a refining engine, a plug body, a removable shell or casing to bemounted thereon, a plurality of bands carried by said shell, each ofsaid bands having a constant diameter, a plurality of removable knives,each of said knives having an undercut groove with a surface slidableinto wedging position beneath said band.

2. In arefining engine, a plug body, a removable shell or casing adaptedto be mounted thereon, grooves extending longitudinally of the peripheryof said shell or casing, a plu rality of bands carried by said shell orcasing, 125 each band having a constant diameter, a plurality ofremovable knives adapted to be located in said grooves, each of saidknives having an undercut mortice extendin longitudirally thereof and asurface slida le into position beneath said bands so as to wedge betweensaid bands and the bottom of said grooves.

. 3. In a refining engine, a plug body, a shell or casing having spacedlongitudinal grooves therein adapted to be mounted on said plug body,cutting blades having morticed grooves on the under surface thereof,adapted to interfit with the longitudinal grooves on said casing,spacing means adapted to be inserted between adjacent cutting blades,and means for securing said cutting blades to said shell or casing, saidmeans embodying circular bands of constant diameter around the exteriorof said shell or casing that interfit with the inner edges of the bladelocated below the morticed grooves in such a manner as to wedge saidsurfaces between said band and said groove, and a circular memberadapted to engage the outer edges of said cutting blade.

In testimony whereof we hereby afiix our signatures.

LUDWIG H. W'ESSEL. HOMER N. BOOKER.

